Scapular Region

Bony Landmarks

The spine of the scapula is the most prominent posterior feature, dividing the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae. The acromion is the lateral expansion of the spine, while the medial border, lateral border, and inferior angle are clearly palpable and visible. The glenoid cavity occupies the lateral aspect and articulates with the humeral head.

Superficial Muscles

Trapezius

In superficial dissections, the trapezius is removed to expose deeper structures. Its reflected fibers reveal its broad attachment to the spine and acromion of the scapula.

Latissimus dorsi

Seen inferoposteriorly, latissimus dorsi appears as a large glistening sheet. On reflection, its humeral insertion is not visible from the posterior approach.

Deep Muscles

Levator scapulae​

Located at the superomedial angle of the scapula, this slender muscle ascends toward the cervical vertebrae. Its fibers run obliquely upward and medially.